Flying-machine.



0. F. KOHLRUSS.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1909.

1,005,232. v Patented Oct. 10,1911.

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WITNESSES INVENTOR GHH/ST/HN F /1 OHLHUSS 1 ATTORNEYS WIT/ 58858.

C. P. KOHLRUSS. FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED e231. 25, 1909Patented. 001]. 10, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

,Wigif INVE/WOR CHRIST/AN EKQHLRUSS nromkers G. F. KOHLRUSS.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1909.

1,005.232. Patented Oct. 10,1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Fig'- 4.

A TTOR/VE Y8 CHRISTIAN F. KOI-ILRUSS, OF-AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.

FLYING-MACT-IINE.

houses Specification 01.- Letters Patent,

Application filed September 25;. 1909. Serial No. 519,653.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN F. K0111.- RUSS, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Augusta, in :the county of Richmond and Stateof Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFlying-lilachines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement in flying machines, and consists incertain novel constructions and combinations of parts hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

The object of the invention is to provide a device of the characterspecified, wherein the weight will be below and at the center of thesupporting surface so that the bility of the device will be increased,and a paraclnite effect will be obtained.

" Referring to the drawings forming a part hereof Figure 1 is av sideView of the iniproven'ient. .ig. 2 is a plain view. Fi 3 is a section onthe line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4. is a front view. Fig. 5 is a section onthe line 5-5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a section on the line t3-6 of Fig. 1and Fig. 7 is a sectional View showing the manner of operating'theudders. L

The embodiment of theinvcntion shown in thedrawings consists of acentral plane 1, and side plan-es 2. each of which is arched from sideto side as shown in Fig. 1, and the said planes are suitably connectedto a car 3 by braces 4, the said. braces extending from the edges of theplane and connecting with the sides of the car. Additional braces 5 leadfrom the center of the outer planes 2 to the edges of the car, andbraces 6 lead from the inncredges of the outer planes to the outermostbraces. 4 as clearly shown in Fig. it.

As will be observed from an inspection of Figs. 1 and a the car is somedistance below the planes, and is directly beneath the central plane 1which is of lesser width than the outer planes 2, and a propeller shaft7 is arranged intermediate I the car and the central plane, and at theapproximate center of the resistance of the machine. The shaft isprovided at each endwith a propeller 8, and near its center with pulleys9 which are connected by bolts 10 with a motor or mo tors 11 on the carand near the center there.

being journaled in the car and in. the framework, and a hand wheel 15 issecured thereto'for rotating the same. Near the upper end of the shaft,a pulley 16 is secured, and over the pulley pass ropes 17, which extendrear vertical rudders 18. Each of the rudandthe ropes 1'? pass overpulleys 20 Se cured to the braces, to a connection with the free end ofthe rudders as at 21. One of the ropes 17 is crossed. as shown at 22 inFig. 7, so that when. the shaft 15 is turned, the rudders are oscillatedin the same direction.

A hollow shaft 23 is journaled on the shaft 1 1-, and is providedwith ahand wheel 24 for convenience in manipulating;the same. Near its upperend the hollo-wshaft is provided with a gear wheel which meshes on eachside with racks 26 and the racks 26 form the links 27 which extendforwardly and rearwardly to a. connection with one arm 28 of an elbowlever pivoted to the frame-work as at 29 and the other arm 30 of theelbow lever is connected by inks 31 i with the sides of-horizontalrudders 32. The

rudders are-encircled by a substantially square frame 33, which isbraced to the framework by braces 8 and the rudder is hinged within theframe as at 35, the outer end thereof being free, so that the rudder maybe raised and lowered as shown. in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

' The upper edges of the vertical rudders 18 are cut away as at 36, topermit the hori- ZOl'lttll rudders to move downwardly below the frame asshown in 1. i

shaft isoscillated, the meshing of the gear wheel with the racks on thelinks 27 wlll' move when the shaft is oscillated the rudders will bemoved sinniltancously in the same direction. As for instance, when theshaft is oscillated to move the links outwardly away as indicated bydotted lines in Fig. 1, and when the shaft is oscillated in the.opposite direction the rudders will be lowered.

A seat 37 for the operator is arranged above the rear motor 11 andbraces 88 connect the outer ends of the frame 33 with the bearings 39 inWhich the propeller shaft is journaled. The said hearings are alsoconnected .by the inclined braces 40 with the framework proper of themachine.

forwardly and rearwardly to the front and ders 18 is journaled as at 19on the frame,

Patented t ot. $519111.

It will be evident that when the hollow said links in oppositedirections, so that over each other, the rudderswill be elevated i themachine, a maximum of efliciency is at-' gustsof wind. The arrangemeritof the weight also. gives a parachute effect to the device, so that incase the motoror motors should-stop for any reason, the planes wouldpermit the machine to settle down gradually to the earth in the mannerof a parachute. I t

The arrangement of the propellers,'one in front and one at the rear ofthe machine permits it to move with equal facility in either direction,and as the propeller shaft 15 in the approximate center of resistanceoftained forthe power exerted.

Should an engine become disabled, .the other or others will besufficient to run the machine, and one or more may be used. Thearrangement of the rfidders in pairs, and acting simultaneously and inthe same direction permits .the machine to turn in a very shortdistance, and to rise or descend very quickly.

The steering device for the machine is at the vertical center of thesame, with the wheels in convenient position for the operator and onedirectly above the other, so that each can be operated with one hand. Itwill be understood howeverthat they. may be arranged otherwise ifdesired.

' It will be understood that either member of either pair of rudders maybe dispensed with, and that the arrangement of the engines and operatorsseat is a matter of convenience only, and seats for passengers may beprovided, or lockers for freight. The arrangement of the propellers alsoaids the machine to maintain its equilibrium while in motion.

I claim: v I

1. A flying machine comprising a central and side planes arched fromside to side, a car below the central plane and connected to all theplanes, a propeller shaft arranged parallel with the longitudinal centerof the central plane, and at approximately {the cen- I ter ofresistance, a propeller on each end thereof, a plurality of motors 'onthe car and connected to the propeller shaft, a. horizontal rudder ateach end "of the central plane, a frame to whose inner side the rudderis hinged, a vertical rudder at each end of the central plane, and'belowthe adjacent horizontal rudder, the upper edge of each of said ruddersbeing inclined downwardly and out- .wardly for the purpose specified, avertical shaft at the vertical center of the central plane and extendingbetween said plane and the car, a connection between said shaft and thevertical rudders, a hollow shaft journaled thereon, a. connectionbetween said the stability of. the device, andv greatly lesseningtheliability of upsetting by unexpected shaft and the horizontalrudders, and a wheel for operating each shaft.

' 2. A flying machine comprising a central and side planesarched'fromside to side, a

car below the central plane and connected to all the'planes, a propellershaft arranged parallel with the longitudinal center of the centralplane, and at approximately the center of resistance, a propeller oneach end thereof, a motor connected with the propeller shaft, ahorizontal rudder at each. end

of the central plane, a frame to whose inner side the rudder is hinged,a. vertical rudder at each end of the central plane, and below theadjacent horizontal rudder, the u per edge of each of'said rudders beinginclined downwardly and outwardly for the purpose specified, a verticalshaft at the vertical center of the central plane and extending betweensaid lane and the car,a connection betwee sai shaft and the. verticalrudders, a hollow shaft journaled thereon, a connection between saidshaft and the horizontal rudders, and a wheel for operating each shaft.

3. A flying machine comprisin a central and side planes, a. car belowdie central plane and connected to all the planes, a propeller shaftarranged parallel with the lon- I gitudinal center of the central plane,and

midway between the car and the plane, a

propeller on each end thereof, a motor connected with the propellershaft, a horizontal rudder at each end of'the central plane, a frame towhose inner side the rudder is hinged, a vertical rudder at each end ofthe central plane, and below the adjacent horizontal rudder, the upperedge of cad-1 of said rudders being inclined downwardly and outwardlyfor the purpose specified, a vertical shaft at the vertical center ofthe central plane and extending between said plane and the'car, aconnection between said shaft and naled thereon, a connection betweensaid shaft" and the horizontal rudders, and a wheel for operating eachshaft.-

4. A flying machine, comprising a central and side plane, a car belowthe central )lane, and supported by all the planes, at rudiler at eachend of the central plane mounted on a horizontal axis transverseto theplane, a rudder below each of the first-named rudders and mounted forswinging movement on a. vertical axis approximately perpendicular to thecenter of the axis of the adjacent first-named rudder, means for simultaeously moving the first-named rudders 1n I 1e same direction, means forsimultaneously moving the last-named rudders in the same direction, aprgpeller shaft arranged below the central plane and between the planeand the car, a propeller on each end of the shaft, andf means foroperating said propeller sha t.

the vertical'rudders, ahollow shaft jour- A flying machine, comprising acentral and side plane, a car below the central plane, and supported byall the planes, a rudder at each end of the central plane, mounted on ahorizontal axis transverse to the plane, a rudder below each of thefirst-na1ned rudders and mounted for swinging movement on a verticalaxis approximately perpendicular to the center of the axis of theadjacent first-named rudder, means for simultane- 10 ously moving thefirst-named rudders in the same direction, and means for simultaneouslymoving the last-named rudders in the same direction.

CHRISTIAN F. KOHLRUSS. Witnesses R. E. REYNOLDS, WM. J. STEVENS.

